Searching, assessment, and screening system for safter alternative chemicals, SAS
| Assessment Type | Carcinogenicity | Mutagenicity | Reproductive Toxicity | Developmental Toxicity | Endocrine Disruption |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hazard Assessment Level |
High |
Low |
Medium |
Medium |
High |
| Assessment Type | Acute Toxicity | Systemic Toxicity - Single Dose | Systemic Toxicity - Repeated Dose | Neurotoxicity - Single Dose | Skin Sensitization | Respiratory Sensitization | Skin Irritation | Eye Irritation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hazard Assessment Level |
Very High |
Very High |
High |
Medium |
High |
High |
Very High |
High |
| Assessment Type | Acute Aquatic Toxicity | Chronic Aquatic Toxicity |
|---|---|---|
| Hazard Assessment Level |
Very High |
Very High |
| Assessment Type | Persistence | Bioaccumulation |
|---|---|---|
| Hazard Assessment Level |
Very High |
Very Low |
| Assessment Type | Reactivity | Flammability |
|---|---|---|
| Hazard Assessment Level |
Insufficient data
|
Insufficient data
|
The Hazard Diagnostic Module consists of the following four computational chemistry methods. The predicted toxicity alerts are for reference only and should be evaluated together with other available data.
| Smarts | Endpoint | Source | Author | Journal |
|---|
Safer alternatives are referenced from current safer chemical databases and software logic, divided into the following three categories:
Based on substructure, the system lists chemicals with risk levels 3 (usable but safer alternatives may be sought), 4 (safer chemicals), or insufficient data (U: not enough data to determine risk level). Information
| Name | CAS | Industrial Use | Safety | Risk Level | Data Source | Notes |
|---|
| Name | CAS | Industrial Use | Safety | Risk Level | Data Source | Notes |
|---|
| Name | CAS | Industrial Use | Safety | Risk Level | Data Source | Notes |
|---|
| Name | CAS | Industrial Use | Safety | Risk Level | Data Source | Notes |
|---|
| Name | CAS | Industrial Use | Safety | Risk Level | Data Source | Notes |
|---|
| Name | CAS | Industrial Use | Safety | Notes |
|---|
Real-world substitution cases involving this chemical, from the SUBSPORT+ case story database (English records).
| Case | Role of this chemical | Alternative | Sector | Function | Implementation | Reason for substitution |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Substitution of tetrachloroethylene used in dry clean systems by a professional wet clean system for the garment care industry | Substituted |
|
Other | Friction agent | Full capacity — 2003 USA | CMR ecotoxicity |
| Substitution of perchloroethylene in dry cleaners’ shops by “wet cleaning” systems. | Substituted |
|
Other | Cleaning agent | Full capacity — 2008 | CMR ecotoxicity |
| Replacement of chlorinated hydrocarbons with the cleaning of small turned items | Substituted |
|
Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment | Cleaning agent | In use — 2004 in Germany | CMR ecotoxicity |
| Substitution of tetrachloroethylene in dry clean system by liquid carbon dioxide dry cleaning in the garment care industry | Substituted |
|
Other | Cleaning agent | Full capacity — 2004 USA | CMR ED ecotoxicity |
| Alternatives to Toxic, VOC, Ozone Depleting and Global Warming Energised Electrical Equipment Cleaners | Substituted |
|
Scientific research and development | Cleaning agent | Full capacity | CMR skin/respiratory sensitizing ecotoxicity |
| Water-based technology to produce polyurethane and polyester/polyamide microfibers | Substituted | Non-chemical alternative An alternative technology allowing complete substitution and/or elimination of different organic solvents normally used in this process. | Manufacture of textiles, leather, fur Manufacture of wood and wood products General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment Other | Other | Full capacity — Italy 2005 | CMR ED other toxic effects ecotoxicity |
| Ethyl lactate and methyl soyate as bio based alternatives to chlorinated and other petroleum based solvents | Substituted |
|
Other | Cleaning agent Plating agent Solvent | In use | physical hazards neurotoxicant CMR ED skin/respiratory sensitizing |
| Review of substitutes for asbestos construction products | Substituted |
|
Building and construction work Other | Other | In use | CMR |
| Alternative for per- and polyfluorinated chemicals on functional coating fabric and the phase out approach | Substituted |
|
Manufacture of textiles, leather, fur | Other | In use | ecotoxicity other reasons |
| Alternatives to perchloroethylene vapour degreasing for plating operations | Substituted |
|
General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment | Cleaning agent | 2003 in Canada | CMR |
| Five Chemicals Alternatives Assessment Study | Substituted | Not stated | Other | Other | ||
| Substitution of perchloroethylene in the cleaning of garments | Substituted |
|
Manufacture of textiles, leather, fur | Cleaning agent | In use — 2008 in Spain | skin/respiratory sensitizing |
Full list of OECD SAAT case studies (not filtered by chemical).
| Case Study Name | Link | Publish Date | Publishing Organization | Related Products | Description |
|---|