危害評估總覽 說明
危害診斷模組
危害診斷模組是由以下四種計算化學方法構成，所預測之毒性警示提供參考，仍須與其他資料綜合評估：
- 子結構警示
- 相似性警示
- 交叉參照
- 分類模型
| Smarts | Endpoint | Source | Author | Journal |
|---|
安全替代物
安全替代物參考目前安全替代資料庫與軟體運作邏輯，分為以下三類：
- 系統透過美國環保署 ChemView 資料庫整理各化學物工業用途，結合美國環保署更安全化學物質， 建立個別化學品安全替代物清單。化學品可能具有多個工業用途，故系統採手風琴式展開清單， 點選「建議安全替代物」標籤即可展開表格。若用途較為廣泛（例：「商業用途」），清單內可能出現 更精確之工業用途（例：「溶劑」）的安全替代物。若無資訊，可參考「依工業用途（完整清單）」進行人工篩選。
- 依工業用途區分（完整清單）。此清單為整理工業用途較安全化學物，未必可直接替代本頁化學物質。 建議使用此頁籤右上方搜尋欄過濾工業用途再行篩選，例如「抗氧化劑」。資料來源： 美國環保署更安全化學物質成分清單 Safer Chemical Ingredients List
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依結構相似性分類，需具備：
- 由結構相似性尋找具有相似官能基之化學物質（谷本相關係數 ≥ 0.8），功能可能相近。
- 由風險評估判定為較低風險之化學物質，如等級 3、等級 4，或資料不足（U）。
- 依實際案例探討。資料來源 OECD SAAT
系統依照子結構，列出風險等級為三級（可用、但可尋求更安全替代物）、四級（安全化學物質）、與資料不足（U、無足夠資料可供判別風險等級） 說明
下載：
SCIL（CSV格式）
SCIL（XLSX格式）
ZeroPM PFAS（CSV格式）
ZeroPM PFAS（XLSX格式）
SUBSPORT+ 案例替代方案（CSV格式）
SUBSPORT+ 案例替代方案（XLSX格式）
| 名稱 | CAS | 工業用途 | 安全性 | 註解 |
|---|
此化學物不在 ZeroPM PFAS 替代方案資料庫中。
SUBSPORT+ 替代案例
SUBSPORT+ 案例資料庫中與本化學物相關的實際替代案例（英文記錄）。
| 案例 | 本化學物的角色 | 替代方案 | 產業 | 功能 | 實施狀況 | 替代理由 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Substitution of formaldehyde as a tissue fixative | 作為替代品 |
|
Health services Scientific research and development | Embalming agent | In use — France | CMR skin/respiratory sensitizing |
| Substitution of a naphtha-based solvent in the cleaning of printing rolls | 被替代 / 作為替代品 |
|
Printing and reproduction of recorded media | Solvent | Full capacity — 2008 in Spain | CMR |
| Substitution of isopropanol, 2-methylpropan-1-ol and heptane in the cleaning of printing rolls | 被替代 |
|
Manufacture of rubber products Manufacture of plastics products, including compounding and conversion | Cleaning agent | Full capacity — 2007 Spain | other toxic effects ecotoxicity physical hazards |
| Elimination of naphtha as accelerating fuel in a laundry boiler | 被替代 | 非化學品替代 The process was modified. Due to the health risk for workers, the phase of the process that included the use of the product was eliminated. | Other | Fuel additive | In use — Spain | CMR |
| Substitution of subtilisins in manual cleaning of flexible endoscopes in hospitals | 被替代 |
|
Health services | Cleaning agent | In use — 2011 in Denmark | skin/respiratory sensitizing physical hazards |
| Substitution of a cleaning product containing isobutane (containing > 0,1 % butadiene (203-450-8)) a carcinogenic and mutagenic substance | 作為替代品 |
|
Health services Other | Cleaning agent | In use — June 2011 Spain | CMR |
| Substitution of toluene used as a solvent during the manufacture of sinks and other stainless-steel articles. | 作為替代品 |
|
Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment | Solvent | In use — Spain | neurotoxicant physical hazards CMR |
| Reduction of VOC emissions in windscreen washers | 被替代 |
|
Manufacture of fine chemicals | Antioxidant Cleaning agent | skin/respiratory sensitizing | |
| Cleaning of lorry and van drum brakes by heated tap water | 被替代 |
|
General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment Other | Solvent | In use — 2003 in Germany | other toxic effects physical hazards CMR |
| The cleaning of car brakes by hot-water low-pressure spray washer | 被替代 |
|
General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment | Cleaning agent | In use — 2007 in Germany | other toxic effects physical hazards CMR |
| De-icing of car wind screens with aqueous potassium chloride solution | 被替代 |
|
Other | Antifreeze agent | 2012 | CMR neurotoxicant physical hazards |
| Removal of paint from boat keels | 被替代 |
|
Agriculture, forestry, fishery Other | Solvent | In use — 2011 | physical hazards neurotoxicant CMR skin/respiratory sensitizing |
| Assessment, development and demonstration of alternatives for parachlorobenzotrifluoride | 作為替代品 |
|
Building and construction work Scientific research and development | Cleaning agent | In use — 2006 USA | CMR skin/respiratory sensitizing |
| Substitution of Chlorinated solvents: Tetrachloroethylene in textile manufacturing | 作為替代品 |
|
Manufacture of textiles, leather, fur | Other | Pilot study | CMR |
| Substitution of methyl chloroform with an isopropanol and heptane mixture, as spot-washing alternative in textile dyeing and finishing | 作為替代品 |
|
Manufacture of textiles, leather, fur | Cleaning agent | Full capacity — 1994 in USA | ecotoxicity |
OECD SAAT 替代方案案例
OECD SAAT 案例完整清單（不隨化學物過濾）。
| 實例探討名稱 | 連結 | 發佈日期 | 發佈單位 | 相關產品 | 敘述 |
|---|