Searching, assessment, and screening system for safter alternative chemicals, SAS
| Assessment Type | Carcinogenicity | Mutagenicity | Reproductive Toxicity | Developmental Toxicity | Endocrine Disruption |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hazard Assessment Level |
Medium |
High |
Medium |
High |
Insufficient data
|
| Assessment Type | Acute Toxicity | Systemic Toxicity - Single Dose | Systemic Toxicity - Repeated Dose | Neurotoxicity - Single Dose | Skin Sensitization | Respiratory Sensitization | Skin Irritation | Eye Irritation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hazard Assessment Level |
Very High |
Insufficient data
|
Insufficient data
|
Insufficient data
|
Insufficient data
|
Insufficient data
|
Very High |
Medium |
| Assessment Type | Acute Aquatic Toxicity | Chronic Aquatic Toxicity |
|---|---|---|
| Hazard Assessment Level |
Very High |
Very High |
| Assessment Type | Persistence | Bioaccumulation |
|---|---|---|
| Hazard Assessment Level |
Very High |
Very High |
| Assessment Type | Reactivity | Flammability |
|---|---|---|
| Hazard Assessment Level |
Insufficient data
|
Insufficient data
|
The Hazard Diagnostic Module consists of the following four computational chemistry methods. The predicted toxicity alerts are for reference only and should be evaluated together with other available data.
| Smarts | Endpoint | Source | Author | Journal |
|---|
Safer alternatives are referenced from current safer chemical databases and software logic, divided into the following three categories:
Based on substructure, the system lists chemicals with risk levels 3 (usable but safer alternatives may be sought), 4 (safer chemicals), or insufficient data (U: not enough data to determine risk level). Information
| Name | CAS | Industrial Use | Safety | Risk Level | Data Source | Notes |
|---|
| Name | CAS | Industrial Use | Safety | Risk Level | Data Source | Notes |
|---|
| Name | CAS | Industrial Use | Safety | Notes |
|---|
| Alternative | Type | CAS | Application | Technical feasibility | Market uptake | Source |
|---|
Real-world substitution cases involving this chemical, from the SUBSPORT+ case story database (English records).
| Case | Role of this chemical | Alternative | Sector | Function | Implementation | Reason for substitution |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Substitution of PFC in paper with natural greaseproof paper. | Substituted | Non-chemical alternative The alternative to the addition of barrier chemicals commonly used when manufacturing greaseproof paper is a non-chemical alternative called natural greaseproof paper. The cellulose fibres are heavily refined in a mechanical way. This refining creates a very dense surface layer which acts as a natural oil and grease barrier on the paper. No barrier chemical is added and the barrier comes from pure cellulose in the surface layer of the paper. | Manufacture of pulp, paper and paper products | Film former Other | Full capacity — Sweden | vPvB |
| Mist suppression with non-PFOS (perfluoro octane sulfonate) surfactants for hard chrome plating | Substituted |
|
Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment | Plating agent | Pilot study — 29.06.2011 | CMR PBT ecotoxicity |
| A new water repellent surface treatment which contain no fluorocarbons or isocyanates, to be used on textiles and other fibre-based materials. | Substituted |
|
Manufacture of textiles, leather, fur Manufacture of bulk, large scale chemicals (including petroleum products) | Finishing agents | Full capacity — March 2012, Sweden | CMR vPvB other toxic effects |
| Potentially environmentally sounder alternatives to PFOS compounds and PFOA | Substituted | Non-chemical alternative The most common types of compounds used: Telomer-based compounds Silicone based compounds Aliphatic alcohols Acrylates Consult the report for further details on each alternative. | Electricity, steam, gas water supply and sewage treatment Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products, electrical equipment Manufacture of pulp, paper and paper products Manufacture of rubber products Manufacture of plastics products, including compounding and conversion Manufacture of textiles, leather, fur Printing and reproduction of recorded media Other | Other | In use | CMR other toxic effects |
| A new fluorine-free (PFC-free) water-repellent for textiles | Substituted |
|
Manufacture of textiles, leather, fur | Impregnation agent | In use — 2013, Germany | CMR other toxic effects |
| Root cause investigation of PFOS contaminations in leather garments | Substituted | Not stated | Manufacture of textiles, leather, fur | Other | Pilot study | ecotoxicity other reasons |
| Substitution of a reserving agent containing APEOs used in washing process on denim | Substituted |
|
Manufacture of textiles, leather, fur | Other | In use | ecotoxicity other reasons |
Full list of OECD SAAT case studies (not filtered by chemical).
| Case Study Name | Link | Publish Date | Publishing Organization | Related Products | Description |
|---|