e.g. Benzene, DEHP, 71-43-2, BPA, phthalate

    Trichloroethylene

    Chemical structure of PubChem CID 6575

    Risk Level Help

    Chemical Substance Information

    • PubChem CID: 6575
    • CAS: 79-01-6
    • UN NO: 1710
    • EC NO: 201-167-4
    • Safety Data Sheet: Link
    • SMILES: C(=C(Cl)Cl)Cl

    Hazard Assessment Overview Help

    Hazard Sunburst Chart Legend

    Hazard Assessment Summary Table Help CSV format XLSX format
    Reset


    Assessment Type Carcinogenicity Mutagenicity Reproductive Toxicity Developmental Toxicity Endocrine Disruption
    Hazard Assessment Level
    High
    High
    High
    High
    High
    Loading
    Assessment Type Acute Toxicity Systemic Toxicity - Single Dose Systemic Toxicity - Repeated Dose Neurotoxicity - Single Dose Skin Sensitization Respiratory Sensitization Skin Irritation Eye Irritation
    Hazard Assessment Level
    Very High
    Medium
    Insufficient data
    for classification
    Medium
    High
    Insufficient data
    for classification
    High
    High
    Loading
    Assessment Type Acute Aquatic Toxicity Chronic Aquatic Toxicity
    Hazard Assessment Level
    Very High
    Very High
    Loading
    Assessment Type Persistence Bioaccumulation
    Hazard Assessment Level
    Very High
    Insufficient data
    for classification
    Assessment Type Reactivity Flammability
    Hazard Assessment Level
    Insufficient data
    for classification
    Insufficient data
    for classification
    Loading

    Hazard Diagnostic Modules

    The Hazard Diagnostic Module consists of the following four computational chemistry methods. The predicted toxicity alerts are for reference only and should be evaluated together with other available data.

    1. Substructure Alerts
    2. Similarity Alerts
    3. Read-Across
    4. Classification Models

    Smarts Endpoint Source Author Journal
    Loading
    Loading
    Loading

    Safer Alternatives

    Safer alternatives are referenced from current safer chemical databases and software logic, divided into the following three categories:

    1. The system compiles industrial uses of chemicals from the US EPA ChemView database and integrates them with the US EPA Safer Chemical Ingredients to create a safer alternatives list for each chemical. Chemicals may have multiple industrial uses, so the system uses an accordion-style display. Click the 'Suggested Safer Alternatives' tab to expand the table. If the use is broad (e.g., 'Commercial use'), the list may include more specific uses (e.g., 'Solvent'). If no information is available, refer to 'By Industrial Use (Full List)' for manual filtering.
    2. Categorized by industrial use (full list). This list contains safer chemicals for industrial uses, not necessarily replacements for the chemical on this page. You may filter by industrial use via the search bar at the top right of this tab, e.g., filter by 'Antioxidants'. Source: Safer Chemical Ingredients List
    3. Categorized by structural similarity, requiring:
      • Find chemicals with similar functional groups based on structural similarity (Tanimoto coefficient ≥ 0.8), likely having similar functions.
      • Chemicals identified as lower risk by risk assessment, such as level 3, level 4, or insufficient data.
      Practical substitution feasibility still requires domain knowledge and reference to physicochemical properties. For insufficient data (U), it means current hazard and risk assessment information is limited; thus, selection should be cautious and toxicology studies should be reviewed.
    4. Based on real-world case studies. Source: OECD SAAT

    Based on substructure, the system lists chemicals with risk levels 3 (usable but safer alternatives may be sought), 4 (safer chemicals), or insufficient data (U: not enough data to determine risk level). Information

    Name CAS Industrial Use Safety Risk Level Data Source Notes

    Name CAS Industrial Use Safety Risk Level Data Source Notes

    Name CAS Industrial Use Safety Risk Level Data Source Notes

    Name CAS Industrial Use Safety Risk Level Data Source Notes

    Name CAS Industrial Use Safety Risk Level Data Source Notes
    Name CAS Industrial Use Safety Notes
    Loading
    This chemical is not listed in the ZeroPM PFAS alternative assessment database.
    SUBSPORT+ substitution case stories

    Real-world substitution cases involving this chemical, from the SUBSPORT+ case story database (English records).

    Case Role of this chemical Alternative Sector Function Implementation Reason for substitution
    Removal of trichloroethylene in the manufacture of metal parts Substituted Non-chemical alternative Water-based cleaning machine. Non-toxic cleaning agent (96% deionised water). Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment Cleaning agent Full capacity — Spain CMR other toxic effects ecotoxicity physical hazards
    Substitution of trichloroethylene in a vocational training facility specialized in printing processes Substituted
    • Esters based on coconut oil
    Printing and reproduction of recorded media Other Cleaning agent Full capacity — 2006, Spain CMR neurotoxicant
    Elimination of perchlorethylene used for dry cleaning in a laundry establishment Substituted Non-chemical alternative The process was modified. Perchloroethylene was used to remove stains that would not wash away with regular laundering. Given the risk it implied the use of this chemical for workers? health, this phase of the process was eliminated. Heavily stained garment pieces are discarded and replaced by new ones. The main organizational measure is eliminating the dirtiest clothes so they would not need a secondary cleaning process. Other Cleaning agent In use — Spain CMR
    Elimination of trichloroethylene in asphalt quality control laboratories Substituted Non-chemical alternative Muffle furnace Building and construction work Scientific research and development Cleaning agent Full capacity — 2006 en España CMR neurotoxicant
    Different ways to phase out halocarbons like dichloromethane in various applications. Substituted
    • Ethanol (64-17-5)
    • Water (7732-18-5)
    • Terpenes
    • Nitrogen (7727-37-9)
    • Sodium carbonate (497-19-8)
    • Sodium hydroxide (1310-73-2)
    • 1,2,3-Trimethylbenzene (526-73-8)
    Non-chemical alternative Some of the alternatives proposed in this study are non-chemical. Among the more general solutions are the reduction of unnecessary cleaning and degreasing and sometimes even a total change in production or manufacturing procedures. Other, more specific solutions included cleaning processes using inert gas and the utilization of high performance mixture heads. In paint stripping, general chemical alternatives have been proposed, these include acidic-, or alkaline stripping, pyrolysis and fluidized bed stripping.
    Scientific research and development Building and construction work General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products, electrical equipment Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys Manufacture of plastics products, including compounding and conversion Manufacture of rubber products Solvent Partial capacity — Sweden CMR physical hazards
    Practical guide for the substitution of hazardous chemicals by less harmful substances in industrial facilities. Substituted Not stated Other Other CMR neurotoxicant skin/respiratory sensitizing physical hazards
    Use of carbon dioxide as alternative for caffeine extraction Substituted
    • Carbon dioxide (124-38-9)
    Manufacture of food products Other In use CMR neurotoxicant
    Cleaning of car steering components by injection flooding Substituted
    • Potassium hydroxide (1310-58-3)
    • 2-Aminoethanol (141-43-5)
    Non-chemical alternative An injection flooding plant is used in combination with aqueous cleaner containing the alternative substances.
    General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment Cleaning agent Solvent In use — 2004 in Germany CMR other toxic effects
    Micro Phase Cleaning of jet engine parts to allow crack detection Substituted
    • Aqueous cleaner
    • (1-Methyl-1,2-ethanediyl)bis[oxy(methyl-2,1-ethanediyl)] diacrylate (42978-66-5)
    • (1-Methyl-1,2-ethanediyl)bis[oxy(methyl-2,1-ethanediyl)] diacrylate (42978-66-5)
    • (1-Methyl-1,2-ethanediyl)bis[oxy(methyl-2,1-ethanediyl)] diacrylate (42978-66-5)
    • (1-Methyl-1,2-ethanediyl)bis[oxy(methyl-2,1-ethanediyl)] diacrylate (42978-66-5)
    • (1-Methyl-1,2-ethanediyl)bis[oxy(methyl-2,1-ethanediyl)] diacrylate (42978-66-5)
    • (1-Methyl-1,2-ethanediyl)bis[oxy(methyl-2,1-ethanediyl)] diacrylate (42978-66-5)
    • (1-Methyl-1,2-ethanediyl)bis[oxy(methyl-2,1-ethanediyl)] diacrylate (42978-66-5)
    • (1-Methyl-1,2-ethanediyl)bis[oxy(methyl-2,1-ethanediyl)] diacrylate (42978-66-5)
    • (1-Methyl-1,2-ethanediyl)bis[oxy(methyl-2,1-ethanediyl)] diacrylate (42978-66-5)
    General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment Cleaning agent In use — 2007 in Germany CMR neurotoxicant
    Alternatives to Toxic, VOC, Ozone Depleting and Global Warming Energised Electrical Equipment Cleaners Substituted
    • Acetone (67-64-1)
    • Soybean oil (8001-22-7)
    • Carbon dioxide (124-38-9)
    • Water (7732-18-5)
    Non-chemical alternative In addition to cleaners based on soy, acetone and water, also technical solutions were evaluated and found to perform well. These include high pressure deionised water and carbon dioxide pellet blasting.
    Scientific research and development Cleaning agent Full capacity CMR skin/respiratory sensitizing ecotoxicity
    Water-based technology to produce polyurethane and polyester/polyamide microfibers Substituted Non-chemical alternative An alternative technology allowing complete substitution and/or elimination of different organic solvents normally used in this process. Manufacture of textiles, leather, fur Manufacture of wood and wood products General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment Other Other Full capacity — Italy 2005 CMR ED other toxic effects ecotoxicity
    Ethyl lactate and methyl soyate as bio based alternatives to chlorinated and other petroleum based solvents Substituted
    • Ethyl L-lactate (687-47-8)
    • Soy bean methyl ester (67784-80-9)
    Other Cleaning agent Plating agent Solvent In use physical hazards neurotoxicant CMR ED skin/respiratory sensitizing
    Removal of Trichloroethylene in the production of car accessories Substituted Non-chemical alternative Closed washing process with soap and water General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment Cleaning agent Full capacity — 2005 in Spain CMR neurotoxicant other toxic effects
    OECD SAAT alternative case studies

    Full list of OECD SAAT case studies (not filtered by chemical).

    Case Study Name Link Publish Date Publishing Organization Related Products Description