Searching, assessment, and screening system for safter alternative chemicals, SAS
| Assessment Type | Carcinogenicity | Mutagenicity | Reproductive Toxicity | Developmental Toxicity | Endocrine Disruption |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hazard Assessment Level |
High |
Medium |
Medium |
High |
High |
| Assessment Type | Acute Toxicity | Systemic Toxicity - Single Dose | Systemic Toxicity - Repeated Dose | Neurotoxicity - Single Dose | Skin Sensitization | Respiratory Sensitization | Skin Irritation | Eye Irritation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hazard Assessment Level |
Very High |
Very High |
High |
Insufficient data
|
Low |
Insufficient data
|
High |
High |
| Assessment Type | Acute Aquatic Toxicity | Chronic Aquatic Toxicity |
|---|---|---|
| Hazard Assessment Level |
Medium |
Low |
| Assessment Type | Persistence | Bioaccumulation |
|---|---|---|
| Hazard Assessment Level |
Very High |
Very Low |
| Assessment Type | Reactivity | Flammability |
|---|---|---|
| Hazard Assessment Level |
Insufficient data
|
Medium |
The Hazard Diagnostic Module consists of the following four computational chemistry methods. The predicted toxicity alerts are for reference only and should be evaluated together with other available data.
| Smarts | Endpoint | Source | Author | Journal |
|---|
Safer alternatives are referenced from current safer chemical databases and software logic, divided into the following three categories:
Based on substructure, the system lists chemicals with risk levels 3 (usable but safer alternatives may be sought), 4 (safer chemicals), or insufficient data (U: not enough data to determine risk level). Information
| Name | CAS | Industrial Use | Safety | Risk Level | Data Source | Notes |
|---|
| Name | CAS | Industrial Use | Safety | Risk Level | Data Source | Notes |
|---|
| Name | CAS | Industrial Use | Safety | Risk Level | Data Source | Notes |
|---|
| Name | CAS | Industrial Use | Safety | Risk Level | Data Source | Notes |
|---|
| Name | CAS | Industrial Use | Safety | Notes |
|---|
Real-world substitution cases involving this chemical, from the SUBSPORT+ case story database (English records).
| Case | Role of this chemical | Alternative | Sector | Function | Implementation | Reason for substitution |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Substitution of N,N-dimethylformamide with ethanol in analysis of alkaline phosphatases in leukocytes. | Substituted |
|
Health services Scientific research and development | Solvent | Full capacity — 2005 in Sweden | CMR other toxic effects ecotoxicity physical hazards |
| Practical guide for the substitution of hazardous chemicals by less harmful substances in industrial facilities. | Substituted | Not stated | Other | Other | CMR neurotoxicant skin/respiratory sensitizing physical hazards | |
| Dimethyl sulfoxide as alternative solvent | Substituted | Not stated | Manufacture of bulk, large scale chemicals (including petroleum products) Manufacture of fine chemicals Manufacture of rubber products Manufacture of plastics products, including compounding and conversion Building and construction work | Solvent | In use | CMR sensitizing |
| Out phasing of dimethyl formamide (DMF) and cobalt dichloride in piping production. | Substituted |
|
Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment Other | Other | In use — 2008, Denmark | CMR ecotoxicity skin/respiratory sensitizing |
| Water-based technology to produce polyurethane and polyester/polyamide microfibers | Substituted | Non-chemical alternative An alternative technology allowing complete substitution and/or elimination of different organic solvents normally used in this process. | Manufacture of textiles, leather, fur Manufacture of wood and wood products General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment Other | Other | Full capacity — Italy 2005 | CMR ED other toxic effects ecotoxicity |
| Substitution of a chemical based on C6-fluorocarbons with a PFC-free chemical in the manufacture of water-repellent textiles | Substituted |
|
Manufacture of textiles, leather, fur | Other | In use — Year: 2016 | ecotoxicity other reasons |
| Water-based PU coating technology for textiles | Substituted | Non-chemical alternative Water-based PU coating technology for textiles | Manufacture of textiles, leather, fur | Other | In use — 2015 China | CMR |
Full list of OECD SAAT case studies (not filtered by chemical).
| Case Study Name | Link | Publish Date | Publishing Organization | Related Products | Description |
|---|